AGP Executive Report

Diplomatic Outreach: Tripoli’s Presidential Council head Mohamed al-Menfi received Bangladesh’s new ambassador, Mohammad Habib Ullah, as both sides pledged to broaden cooperation and strengthen ties. EU Election Push: EU missions in Libya backed UN-facilitated Structured Dialogue recommendations, urging Libyan stakeholders to unify institutions and move toward free and fair national elections, despite reported governance-track reservations. Security & Unification: The US Chargé d’Affaires met in Benghazi with Khaled Haftar, reiterating Washington’s support for unifying Libya’s military institutions and continuing officer-to-officer engagement. Anti-Smuggling Crackdown: Libyan customs at Ras Jedir seized $500,000 and nearly €235,000 hidden in secret compartments inside a vehicle arriving from Tunisia, with suspects handed to authorities. Governance & Tech: Dbeibah’s government adopted an AI Ethics Charter and launched a National AI Strategy 2026–2030 with 35 initiatives, aiming to expand AI use across government and digitize services. Humanitarian Pressure: Rights groups renewed calls over Argentine activists detained in Sirte after joining a Gaza aid mission, saying the case is criminalizing humanitarian work.

Libya’s Transition & Elections: EU diplomats welcomed the UN-facilitated Structured Dialogue’s final recommendations, urging Libyan stakeholders to use them to move toward reunified institutions and free and fair national elections, even as some governance-track members questioned whether the outcomes reflect their views. US-Libya Military Unification: The US Chargé d’Affaires met Benghazi commander Khaled Haftar, reaffirming Washington’s support for unifying Libya’s military institutions and continuing officer-to-officer engagement. Defense & France Ties: Libya’s deputy defense leadership met the French ambassador to expand bilateral cooperation, while the army chief of staff discussed boosting naval capabilities with France as a French vessel visited Tripoli. Border Control & Visas: The GNU temporarily suspended visas on arrival at airports to tighten entry rules, with a new visa system proposal due within 30 days. Security Crackdown: Customs at Ras Jedir seized $500,000 and nearly €235,000 hidden in a vehicle arriving from Tunisia, launching legal proceedings. Economy & Oil: Libya’s oil export revenues rose in May on higher global prices, with 43 million barrels exported. Human Trafficking Case: A major European prosecution in the Netherlands targets a Libya-linked smuggling network, following earlier convictions tied to the “Pearce” investigation. Migration Pressure: Reports also highlight how EU migration rules are hardening as Libya remains a key departure point for irregular routes. Benghazi Regional Role: A Libyan MP said Benghazi will host the Asian-African Parliamentary Council conference, framing it as a return to regional and international engagement.

Libya-US Security Links: Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah met the US Chargé d’Affaires Jeremy Berndt on unified development, energy/oil and telecom cooperation, while a US Army program continues monthly military expertise exchanges with Libyan officers tied to the Presidential Council’s General Staff. Structured Dialogue Push: The EU and member missions welcomed the UN-facilitated Structured Dialogue’s recommendations, urging Libyans to engage to reunify institutions and prepare for elections, despite governance-track reservations. Border and Migration Controls: The GNU temporarily suspended visa-on-arrival at airports to curb fraud and tighten entry rules, as officials also reiterated rejection of any unlawful migrant settlement. Oil and Economy: Libya’s exports hit 43 million barrels in May as prices rose, boosting revenue to about $3.4bn, even as port and field disruptions persist. Security and Justice: A UK court convicted a Croydon businessman and a Greek associate for brokering illegal arms sales to warlords including in Libya. Humanitarian and Education: Benghazi’s long-war-torn university is reopening with a new campus planned, and Pope Leo XIV again condemned smugglers in the Canary Islands while urging migrant dignity.

Libya Migration & Human Security: A Kurdish trafficking case is again putting Tripoli’s shadow economy in the spotlight, after reports that a human trafficking gang in Tripoli abducted eight Kurdish youth en route to Europe, beating them and threatening organ removal while demanding ransoms. UK Asylum Politics: In Belfast, Sudanese suspect Hadi Alodid—accused in a knife attack—was granted asylum under the UK’s fast-track “streamlined” scheme, with claims that he only faced a questionnaire rather than a full interview. Libya’s Regional Diplomacy: Egypt and Greece reviewed regional developments by phone, with Libya on the agenda as Cairo reiterated support for de-escalation and US-Iran negotiations. Libya Governance Debate: Saeed Wanis warned that creating new regions in Libya could inflame local rivalries and threaten national unity, calling the step highly sensitive during the transitional phase. Libya Energy & State Capacity: Libya’s NOC continues expanding partnerships and production plans, including a unified operating agreement for the I/R field with international partners. EU Migration Pressure: US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth warned Europe faces an “invasion” as the EU prepares faster deportations, while Pope Leo XIV urged migrants’ rights at Spain’s Canary Islands “dock of shame.”

Libya–EU/Regional Diplomacy: Egypt and Greece held a phone call to deepen ties and coordinate on regional stability, including Gaza and Libya-related de-escalation priorities. Libya–UN Political Process: UNSMIL’s Hanna Tetteh briefed the AU Peace and Security Council on Libya’s roadmap, mini-dialogue work, and the push toward unified institutions and elections. Local Governance Capacity: A GIZ-backed training wrapped up on “Fundamentals of Local Governance,” aiming to strengthen municipal legal, administrative, and financial tools. Energy Management: Libya’s GNU ordered GECOL to draft a plan to manage peak electricity demand and stabilize the grid during high-load periods. Security Cooperation: Libya’s Interior Minister met China’s ambassador to expand training, security communications, and crime-fighting cooperation. Oil Sector Update: NOC signed a unified operating agreement for the Murzuq Basin I/R field, consolidating procedures among major international partners to improve efficiency and sustain production. Regional Security Warning: Higher Council of State member Saeed Wanis warned that creating new regions too easily could inflame local rivalries and threaten Libya’s unity. Migration/Transit Context: Reports from Europe spotlight how Libya-linked routes and fast-track asylum processing are being scrutinized amid high-profile violence cases.

Local Governance: A short, intensive “Fundamentals of Local Governance” training wrapped up under the Musanada 2 project, aiming to strengthen municipal legal, administrative, and financial capacity, including council mandates, local revenues, and women’s participation. Energy Management: The GNU ordered GECOL to draft a technical plan to manage peak electricity demand, including scheduled or partial operations for high-consumption entities to stabilize the grid. Border Controls: Libya temporarily suspended visa-on-arrival at airports and air entry points, tasking Interior and foreign affairs bodies to propose new regulatory procedures within 30 days to curb forgery and misuse. Diplomacy & Maritime Law: Tripoli and Athens reviewed maritime boundary delimitation work and agreed to keep dialogue going under international law, while Libya also expanded security cooperation talks with China and Italy. Oil & Gas Governance: NOC signed a unified operating agreement for the Murzuq Basin I/R field with major international partners to streamline procedures and improve production efficiency. Migration Politics: Libya’s anti-settlement protests and UN/NGO concerns over misleading resettlement claims continued amid wider regional pressure on migration policy. International Spotlight: UNSMIL’s Hanna Tetteh briefed the AU Peace and Security Council on Libya’s political roadmap and reconciliation efforts. Sports: Al Ahli Tripoli won the Libya Cup for a ninth time, beating Al Ahli Benghazi 1–0.

Global Sumud hunger strike: Ten of 11 Gaza-bound Global Sumud volunteers remain detained in Benghazi after being kidnapped by the Libyan Arab Armed Forces; one activist was released, while the rest continue a “dry” hunger strike and report says their health is deteriorating, with families receiving limited updates. EU diplomacy: The European Commission says it is ready to provide “discreet support” for the detained Land Flotilla activists, while Italy’s lawmakers press for protection of its citizens held in Benghazi. Libya migration pressure: Greece approved a law to speed deportations of rejected asylum seekers and enable transfers to “return hubs” outside the EU, with Crete and Gavdos seeing more boats departing from Libya. Libya governance & tech: Libya launched a National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2026-2030) targeting wider public-sector AI use, automation of transactions, digital identity rollout, staff training, start-ups, and digitisation of records. Banking digitization: Network International and National Union Bank (NUB) signed a partnership to expand Libya’s digital payments, including prepaid card issuance and fraud-prevention tools. Regional security cooperation: SETAF-AF civil affairs teams held military-to-military exchanges with both Libyan National Army and Government of National Unity representatives in Benghazi.

Migration Pressure in the Med: Greece says its coastguard rescued nearly 550 migrants south of Crete and near Gavdos, with many reporting they departed from Libya and paid smugglers about $3,000 each. EU Migration Overhaul: Greece’s parliament approved the EU Migration and Asylum Pact into domestic law, including faster asylum processing and “return hubs” in non-EU countries. Libya-UN Dispute: UNSMIL denied claims that UNHCR plans to relocate its office to the mission’s headquarters, warning that misinformation is inflaming tensions. Libya’s Financial Security: Libya’s Central Bank said a cyberattack hit some systems, but it claims no confirmed impact on customer accounts while investigations and restorations continue. Libya-Italy Security Talks: Libya’s deputy defense minister met Italy’s ambassador to discuss training, capacity-building, and security coordination. Energy Sector Capacity Building: NOC signed an MoU with PMI for project-management training, and also met Schlumberger on developing marginal fields and training Libyan professionals. Regional Diplomacy: Egypt’s foreign minister discussed Libya with a US adviser, stressing unity of institutions and elections; Menfi received a message from Mauritania’s president. Humanitarian Detentions: Amnesty urged the eastern Libya de facto authorities to release 10 Global Sumud Land Convoy activists detained for trying to deliver aid to Gaza. Maritime Sanctions Fight: Russia condemned the EU’s expanded Operation IRINI mandate to stop “shadow fleet” vessels in the Mediterranean.

EU Maritime Crackdown: EU defense ministers relaunched Operation Irini to board and inspect suspect vessels, targeting false-flagged and unsafe ships tied to Russia’s “shadow fleet,” with Libya’s Mediterranean arms-embargo legacy still shaping the mission. Libya Migration Horror: A BBC investigation says a Libyan militia kidnapped 300+ Iraqi Kurdish migrants bound for the UK, holding them in cramped cells and demanding about $5,000 per family, with threats of forced kidney removal. Regional Diplomacy: Egypt’s FM Badr Abdelatty spoke by phone with a US senior adviser on Sudan and Libya, urging unity of Libyan institutions and a Libyan-led political track toward elections. Libyan Rights & Detentions: Journalists’ groups demand the release of Spanish reporter Alicia Armesto and nine activists detained near Sirte while heading to Gaza. Libya’s Political Process: UN-linked reporting highlights continued disputes over migrant resettlement claims and protests around UN offices in Libya. International Court Shock: ICC prosecutor Karim Khan was suspended over sexual assault allegations, adding another strain to major Libya-related international legal work.

Maritime Security & Oil Sanctions: The EU expanded Operation IRINI to let warships board and detain tankers tied to Russia’s “shadow fleet,” as Greece also drills for spill risks after attacks on Russian-linked carriers. Libya Governance: Libya’s Presidential Council said any political progress must be rooted in existing institutions, while the High Council of State reviewed a Turkey-backed vision for stability and the Structured Dialogue’s Governance Track rejected final recommendations. Public Finance & Health Procurement: An audit report flagged LYD 11.8 billion spent on medicines (2022–2025) amid monopoly, waste, and procurement chaos, including planning and distribution failures. Economy & Implementation: NESDB head Mahmoud Al-Futaisi said national strategies’ real test is implementation, after strategies were delivered for rollout. Migration & Human Rights: Reports say hundreds of migrants heading to Britain were kidnapped and tortured in Libya, while separate incidents off Malta saw at least 11 deaths after a boat capsized; Libya also faced renewed protests over alleged migrant “resettlement.” Energy Sector: NOC signed an MoU with PMI to train staff and apply international project management standards. Culture & Diplomacy: Libya’s embassy in France hosted talks to boost media cooperation with French institutions.

Libyan Political Roadmap: UNSMIL says Libya’s Structured Dialogue concluded, with final recommendations aimed at enabling national elections, unifying state institutions, and tackling conflict root causes, after consultations involving more than 10,000 people. Migration & Security Tensions: Malta and Italy report another deadly Central Mediterranean incident: a boat departed from Libya with about 60 migrants, capsized near Malta, and at least 11 died while dozens were rescued; the tragedy renews pressure on EU-Libya migration cooperation. Detention & Rights: International volunteers from the Sumud Maghreb Global Convoy remain incommunicado in eastern Libya and have escalated to hunger and dry hunger strikes over alleged mistreatment and lack of legal access. State Institutions & Elections: Libya’s governance track also reiterated proposals such as unified authority and a ban on officials running for office, feeding into the next phase focused on implementation. Energy Governance: Libya’s National Oil Corporation signed an MoU with the US-based Project Management Institute to expand training and apply international project management standards across the sector. Regional Arms Fallout: The UN warns that weapons looted from Libya’s 2011 arsenals continue circulating across the Sahel, fueling extremist violence years later.

Libya’s Political Roadmap: UNSMIL says Libya’s Structured Dialogue has wrapped up, with final recommendations aimed at enabling national elections, unifying institutions, and addressing conflict root causes; the next phase will focus on implementing the proposals. Governance Track Details: The governance recommendations call for a unified executive authority, unification of military and security institutions, a 18–24 month transitional period, and a new Presidential Council plus a Government of National Entitlement, while barring transitional office holders from running in the next elections. UN Diplomacy: UN envoy Hanna Tetteh briefed foreign ambassadors in Tunis on progress in the roadmap, while Tunisia’s FM Nafti met Tetteh to stress support for the structured dialogue and regional coordination. Power Crisis Management: Dbeibah ordered an urgent NOC–GECOL meeting after fuel shortages threatened electricity generation deficits and possible summer load-shedding. Human Rights Watch: Libya Crimes Watch reports continued rights violations in May, including unlawful killings, arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, and migrant deaths linked to weak protection and accountability. Migration Pressure: A migrant boat capsized near Malta after departing Libya, with 10 bodies recovered and dozens rescued; the route remains among the deadliest in the Mediterranean. Detention and Legal Aid: NIDCOM urged Nigerians detained in Libya to seek legal representation and embassy help amid claims of bail demands. Convoy Volunteers on Hunger Strike: International volunteers from the Sumud Maghreb Global Convoy remain incommunicado and on hunger strike over alleged mistreatment and lack of legal access. Anti-Money Laundering Law: Libya’s House of Representatives discussed a draft law on combating money laundering and terrorism financing. Regional Ties: Libya and Mauritania discussed boosting cooperation, while Libya’s agriculture ministry met Turkey to expand investment and environmental/forest collaboration. Industry Push: Libya’s Industry Union launched a “Made in Libya” e-platform after ministerial approval.

Migration Crisis: Italian rescuers recovered 10 bodies after a migrant boat capsized off Malta; a fishing vessel rescued about 48 survivors from a craft that left Libya with nearly 60 people, as EU-Libya cooperation continues to shape departures. Human Rights & Detention: Global Sumud Land Convoy activists in eastern Libya are on a life-threatening hunger strike demanding the release of detained volunteers, with claims of “black jails” and limited legal access. UN Diplomacy & Politics: UNSMIL’s Structured Dialogue governance track proposes a unified executive authority, unified security institutions, and a transitional roadmap toward elections, while UN envoy Hanna Tetteh briefs foreign ambassadors in Tunis on progress. Electricity & Energy Governance: Prime Minister Dbeibah ordered an urgent NOC-GECOL meeting after fuel shortages threatened summer power stability, warning of possible load-shedding and blackouts. Regional Diplomacy: Tunisia’s FM Nafti met UN envoy Tetteh to back the roadmap and structured dialogue, and Libya’s foreign ministry held talks with Mauritania to expand cooperation. Economy & Industry: The Libyan Industry Union launched a “Made in Libya” e-platform to connect factories and markets under the Economy Ministry’s approval. Rights Monitoring: Libya Crimes Watch reported continued unlawful killings, arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, and migrant deaths across May 2026.

Migration & Sovereignty Clash in Tripoli: Libya’s Presidential Council chief Mohammed Menfi praised peaceful protests in Tripoli rejecting “settlement of foreigners,” while stressing Libya’s red lines on sovereignty and calling for lawful, orderly returns. UN Pushback on Resettlement Claims: UNSMIL and UN officials condemned misinformation and threats against UN staff, reiterating there is no UN resettlement programme in Libya and urging dialogue. Foreign Ministry Response: Acting Foreign Minister Taher Al-Baour said Libya rejects any migrant resettlement project after demonstrators blocked UNHCR’s Tripoli entrance. Public Security Investigation: Libya’s Internal Security Agency said it uncovered an organised plot behind violence that targeted state institutions after a May football-related riot, naming 221 suspects. Energy Diplomacy: Oman’s OQEP signed an MoU with Libya’s Investment Authority in Tripoli, backed by Prime Minister Dbeibeh, to expand oil and gas investment cooperation. Derna Reconstruction Update: Nearly three years after the 2023 disaster, Derna is rebuilding roads, bridges, homes and a hospital, though trauma remains. Youth & Skills: Libya announced LCOY Libya 2026 on climate and reaffirmed vocational education cooperation, including talks tied to Mediterranean skills development.

UN vs. Tripoli migration protests: The UN condemned attacks and threats against its staff and offices in Tripoli after hundreds blocked UNHCR and UNSMIL premises, fueled by misinformation about “resettlement” plans; UNSMIL says allegations are false and stresses solutions outside Libya. Libya’s sovereignty line on migrants: Libya’s High Council of State rejected any resettlement or demographic-change schemes, while EU envoy Nicola Orlando reiterated the EU does not support resettlement and that Libya controls its borders. Hunger strike detention spotlight: Italy appealed for the release of two Italian activists detained in Benghazi, with detainees on a dry hunger strike over alleged mistreatment and denial of access. Political process diplomacy: Tunisia’s foreign minister met UNSMIL chief Hanna Tetteh, backing the UN roadmap and the 4+4 mini-dialogue meeting in Tunis. US diplomatic update: David Linfield was appointed to lead the US Embassy’s political and economic portfolio for Libya. Rebuilding Derna: AFP reports Derna’s reconstruction after the 2023 storm continues, but trauma and mental health needs remain. Local youth climate push: Libya’s Youth Ministry announced a Local Youth Climate Conference—Libya 2026 Edition to amplify young voices ahead of climate action.

UN Migration Row in Tripoli: The UN in Libya condemned violent protests outside UNHCR and UNSMIL offices, saying misinformation and disinformation on social media helped inflame tensions, while UNSMIL reiterated it has no resettlement program in Libya and that solutions are pursued outside the country. Libya’s Sovereignty Line: The High Council of State rejected any migrant resettlement in Libya, warning it would affect sovereignty, security, and Libya’s demographic makeup. Security Crackdown on Migration: In Benghazi, Lt. Gen. Saddam Haftar announced a sweeping campaign against undocumented migrants and smuggling networks, stressing legal deportations and respect for detainees’ rights. 4+4 Electoral Talks: Libya’s 4+4 small dialogue committee resumed in Tunisia under UN auspices, focusing on electoral laws, timelines, and restructuring the High National Elections Commission. Diplomacy on Flights: Foreign Minister Taher al-Baour met EU officials to discuss lifting restrictions on Libyan flights to European airspace. Culture & Recognition: A promotional film for the Libyan National Museum, “I Am Libyan,” won three international awards. Humanitarian Pressure: Italy urged the release of hunger-striking Global Sumud Flotilla activists detained in eastern Libya, warning health is rapidly deteriorating. Regional Security Warning: The UN warned that looted Libyan weapons after 2011 are fueling terrorism and insecurity in Nigeria and the wider Sahel. Rebuilding Derna: Eastern Libya’s Derna continues reconstruction after the 2023 disaster, but residents say trauma and mental health needs remain. Trade & Logistics: Misurata Free Zone received a Chinese transit vessel carrying 9,700 tonnes, highlighting growing maritime links and transit ambitions.